Mental Health and Disability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Mental Health and Disability - demonstrate ExampleSocial work practice with those who were labeled insane in the parlance of the early twentieth century (individuals found to meet the legal translation of insanity at a lunacy tap hearing and committed to institutions), arose from a brotherlyly progressive reform effort known as the aftercare movement. As the earliest form of psychiatric social work practice, aftercare functions became the vehicle for linking the emerging methods and tasks of social work with the active structures of psychiatric care. That link proved to be an important one for widening the perspective on what constituted adequate care for people with the most serious mental illnesses, as well as for the definition and development of social works master turf.The rise of social work in public mental wellness through aftercare of people with serious mental illnesses illustrates the important reality that strengthening a profession takes browse by creating turf, not just defending it (Barnes and Mercer, 2006, 45-8). This perspective thrives in unstable and shifting circumstances when usual definitions and boundaries are in flux. It is a useful perspective for the social work profession to confront the fermentation and uncertainty currently experienced in human services (Campbell, 2000, 95).From the 1906 establishment of an aftercare committee with a atomic number 53 social work-trained aftercare agent at New Yorks Manhattan State Hospital to 1930 when U.S. census data reported social workers employed in state mental hospitals in half of the states in the country, social work became identify with the function of aftercare. The processes that established this identification illustrate critical connections between social activism for an idea and the creation of professional place. Such connections are important sources of professional legitimization through establishing what sociologist Andrew Abbott (1988) referred to as jurisdictional cla ims or assertions of specific colligate between a profession and its work (Barnes and Mercer, 2006,

Critical Analysis of Primary Sources Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Critical Analysis of Primary Sources - Essay fountThe High Imperial Commissioner is almost envious of the fact that, England is always on the verge of development from its account to present. Major arguments of Zexus letter to the Queen of England However, the High Imperial Commissioner is not happy with the fact that, it is by dint of trade that opium has penetrated to China, and affected a great percentage of its populace. In fact, Zexu (pp.3) complains that England is much more have-to doe with with remuneration and not the harm that results from the sale of such harmful products. Worse still, the emperor did not stop at considering the woes by the Chancellor but was quick to brush him away. The High Imperial Commissioner of China complains that his country has dedicated a lot of energy to alienating use of opium in their country. In the letter to the Queen, Zexu (pp.4) complains that it is not elegant that the country prohibits opium use in their country but is of interest to sell the same drug to other(a) countries, China inclusive of them. The fact that England is well conversant with the harms of opium murders it extremely difficult for the Chancellor to comprehend. In his argument, it would be interpreted that the Chancellor would want England to reciprocate the efforts made by China to export useful goods to humankind. exclusively the exports have been indicated to be of use to the country, unlike what England has been exporting. This, Zexu (pp.4), quotes to be inclusive of agricultural produce, Chinaware, amongst others. The fact that, England uses the imports from China to make as much as possible, results to the Chancellors need to discharge their exports to England, as well as ban the markets for sale of Opium in the country. From an analysis of the major arguments portrayed by the Chancellor of China, it is valid to contest that that British government is out to manipulate other purposes of benefit to their own country in harm of acqu isition of profits from unfair commerce. Opium war is yet to undergo numerous processes prior to complete abolishment since it is only cultivated in suburbs that not only need to survive, but are not concerned with how much impact opium has on human life (Zexu, pp.5). The queen must take to her concern the ban on opium with complete uprooting these plants in all areas that are seen to flourish the business. Palmerstons letter to the Chinese Ministers- Major arguments In his dispatch, British State Secretary of Foreign Affairs, Palmerston (pp.7) aims at responding to the Chinas emperor complains on the pains inflicted on China by Britain. In the message, he aims at portraying the idea that the British government has already made a move to react on the case by sending a troop to apologize on behalf of the disturbing comments made by some of the British officials in the course of duty in the area. This move can arguably been indicated to improve the relations mingled with China and Britain. This majored on the need by the British government to maintain the good relationship that the dickens countries have enjoyed for a long period of time. The Chinese government had no issues on the Britons living in the country, but it dawned on the Chinese government that the Britons were taking advantage of the good will by the Chinese, through taking part in trade, and then shift the profits to its own country. With no treaty

SESSION LONG PROJECT MODULE 4 Union Organizing (USAA INSURANCE Essay

SESSION LONG PROJECT MODULE 4 Union Organizing (USAA insurance COMPANY) - Essay ExampleNow only around 16% of the overall labour forces across industries play to be unionised (Lawler). The insurance industry, in the year 2008, only around 3% of the insurance workers be part of union contracts in comparison to over 14% of the employees in the private industry (Statistics). Considering the to a higher place statistics, it is evident that unionisation is not wide spread within the industry and here the overall rival of unions is relatively low. In the case of USAA, the familiarity does not face any issues of unionization and hence in that respect is a smoother and effective decision making process as a whole. USAA to a groovy extent has proved to be among the few companies which are independent and not interdependent as roughly insurance companies. The trends in the industry have little or no impact on USAA (Lawler). The company has been able to effectively work towards develop ing and improvising its products and overall position in the markets with a competitive boundary that the company is focused on the military people and their families. USAA is impacted by a few of the federal government legislations and this impact the overall insurance industry and the daily procedures and practices.

The Use of Photography as Historical Evidence Essay

The Use of Photography as Historical Evidence - Essay frameworkThese photographs enhance and elevate the understanding of historians and provide them in-depth information regarding the history and past civilizations and hence, they come up with the illuminating facts regarding the people and societies from the past. The access to important photograph makes possible the sound interpretation and understanding of the diachronic events and civilizations illumine by the historians own knowledge. The historians utilize the photographs conveying a message, specific event, or any facts relevant to historical periods as evidences and proves of the events they point in the course of re-assembling the patches from past life and explicating it to the world. They also use these as evidences to subsume or synchronize one historical event or fact to another so as to highlight the causes or significance of an event in the light of a photographed fact and reality.The photographs not sole(prenom inal) assist the historians in finding out the social events and conditions of the historical era but also amplify the occupational and work-related situation being confronted by the people of past civilizations.

Group assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Group - appellative ExampleIn contrast, instrumental values are strategic values that provide the rationale for the activities of the organic law and link the organization to the environment and its stakeholders (p. 389). The role of management is to communicate these values explicitly through public exposure of policies and procedures that provide guidelines in their adherence. Likewise, through functions of planning, organizing, directing and controlling, management should monitor the performance of employees according to well-defined standards that shield compliance to corporate values. The work environment, should therefore be designed to structure strategies that faciliate commitment to these values. This is made likely through structuring clearly explicit mission, vision, and values statements as well as policies and procedures with a code of discipline. alone of these structural guidelines would direct employees in exhibiting work ethics and behavior which would ensure t hat these values are immanent and imbibed in the conduct of their responsibilities towards each other and in interactions with other

Lenovo Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Lenovo - Case Study ExampleLenovo has declared its might in its website, detailing the expanse of its operations. To restate Lenovo is a US$21 billion personal technology smart set... We have more(prenominal) than 26,000 employees in more than 60 countries serving customers in more than 160 countries We are defining a new demeanor of doing things as a next generation global company (Lenovo 2012). It is interesting, hence, to know that Lenovo has had humble beginnings and, more importantly, it is a technology company that emerged from China, a developing economy and outside of the Silicon Valley. The company started modestly as a spinoff of Chinas Institute of Computing Technology, a research institute of the Chinese honorary society of Sciences (Tsui, Bian and Cheng, 2006, p.303). From there on, it began supplying parts and building computers for technology companies such as IBM. Lenovo, which operated under the name of fable Holdings during its early years, gradually became a d ominant PC maker in China. By 2003, it began its internationalization ambition. harmonize to its CEO, Chuanzi Liu, With a 30 percent share of the Chinese PC market, Lenovo realized that its opportunity for further house servant expansion was limited, and that Since the global PC market was estimated at around $200 billion, it could pose huge authorization for us (p.574). ... In order to tackle market globalization, there are many barriers involved and the emblem of operations management required is radically different from its own. The organization has effectively identified these problems themselves 1) the organization did not have a brand name that could invoke worldwide recognition 2) Lenovo did not have a strong presence in the world market and, 3) there is a lack of merciful resources to effectively run and manage a truly global company (Liu, p.574). In internationalization and, much more, in the case of being a multinational company, the operations such as those involving organizational culture and human resources are very international in scope and must adhere with international standards and norms while ensuring a high degree of integration and responsiveness at the same time. Lenovo was able to address the problem and its complexities in a bold and ambitious move. In 2005, it acquired IBMs PC business. This strategy addressed several critical challenges that it had identified previously. It boosted the organizations global brand by piggybacking on IBMs reputation and the companys products such as the ThinkPad brand (see Lenovos performance during this period in Fig. 1). This enabled the company to circularize lucrative markets such as the United States, as well as additional market segments that IBM and its encyclopaedisms were particularly known for such as large enterprise, midmarket and, most particularly, laptop computers (Gupta, Wakayama and Rangan, 2012, p. 195). The OM involved is aligned with the springboarding approach that involves t he acquisition of critical resources at home and abroad in order to penetrate markets, compete with rivals and

Perspectives on People at Work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Perspectives on People at Work - Essay ExampleThis essay stresses that the managers individualist out significant differences in the way people approach work and organizations. Power distance is the extent to which members of a society accept that power is distributed unequally in organizations. In all societies there is contrariety between people, be it based upon physical, economic, intellectual or social characteristics. If people feel that they belong and atomic number 18 included it enables them to feel good about working in an organisation. If, on the other hand, people do non feel part of the organisation - that they do not sh ar the dominant attitudes and beliefs - negative emotional consequences are likely to result. Studies of token women in management support these ideas. Today, the manager may be imposed, formally plant or elected, or emerge naturally through the demands of the situation or the wishes of the group as a leader. The manager should possess the compete ncies to use and evaluate new ideas, but he/she must also arouse the insight into the impact these ideas will have on the future. This paper makes a conclusion that the manager demand to recognize his influence on the staff and individual differences which might impact his style of management. When the manager does not receive the senders message in the manner intended, it results in miscommunication and conflicts. Every person is a unique individual and organizations should carefully select managers taking onto account their personal characteristics and individual differences.

Did Johnson Administration Allow the Attack on the USS Liberty and Why Essay

Did Johnson Administration Allow the Attack on the USS Liberty and Why - Essay usageAs the report declares the Israeli fighter planes and torpedoes wrongly identified it as the Egyptian vessel El Quseir. Supporters of the official positions of both governments say that no believable reason existed for Israel to start a sudden flak against such a crucial ally. They also believed that such tragic mistakes were possible in the tense line of the Six Day War. Moreover, United States were worried about such dangers and made arrangements to move USS Liberty farther away from the coast. But, unfortunately the order was not delivered in time due to a failure in communication. This theory is credible considering the fact that several countries erroneously attack their allies during war which has been known as friendly fire.This paper discusses that several people believe that it was a premeditated and calculated attack. They consider that the USS Liberty was much larger than Egyptian vess el El Quseir and the ship was clearly designated with Latin letter and numbers. Generally, Egyptian vessels are marked in Arabic letters and numbers. The assistant secretary for defense in 2001, John Stenbit, says The Israelis called us up one day and said, If you dont get that ship, the LIBERTY, out of this place were going to go through it in twenty-four hours. Reportedly, they couldnt tell the ship to move when they got the data back it was already under the water, and it took more than twenty-four hours for the data to wander in through the system and come out at the otherwise end.

Refraction of Light Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Refraction of Light - inquiry Paper ExampleRefraction refers to the property by which light bends when it travels from rarer to a denser or from a denser to a rarer medium. If a ray of light is travelling from a denser to a rarer medium, say from glass to direct it bends away from the normal. If the ray of light travels from a rarer to a denser medium, it bends towards the normal.The phenomenon of refraction of light is governed by laws cognise as Laws of Refraction. When a ray of light traverses from one medium to other, the steering and the wobble by which it bends is determined by these laws. The first law of refraction states that the incident ray, the refracted ray and the normal every lie in the same plane (Walker et al, 2010)The second law is prime factor for determining the direction of the refracted ray. This law is popularly know as Snells law. According the this law the direction of the refracted ray depends on the ratio of promote of light in the two mediums.Light travels with different speeds in different mediums. almost materials have refractive indices of their own which primarily depends on the wavelength of light. The refractive index of any material is stipulation by the ratio of the speed of light travelling of light in that medium by the speed of light travelling in vacuum. Optically dense medium are those that have a spunky refractive index while those materials whose refractive indices are almost near to 1 are known as optically rare media (Haynes, 2014)When light travels from a medium of higher refractive index to a medium of lower refractive index, the path taken by the light rays is dependent on the angle of incidence. If the angle of incidence exceeds beyond a certain value the refracted ray does not travel to another medium but in fact returns back into the same medium. This phenomenon is known as total indwelling reflection and the angle of incidence is known as the critical angle.Critical angle is also known as the limit angle and is defined as the angle

Losing Power of Successful Economic Justice Models Essay - 1

Losing Power of Successful Economic Justice Models - Essay ExampleThe barriers to the effective implementation of the honorable occupation movements all the time act as the reason for the power loss of the entire system. Considering. The proceeds of the situation is that the co-operatives ultimately have to buy coffee at higher prices from the farmers and they are bound to transmit the same coffee at lower prices to the importers of the foreign countries (Jeff, 2011).Another major challenge of the fair trade movement as identified from the Fair Trade coffee case is that of the lack of knowledge universe preserved by the producers of coffee. The reason of the lesser known among producers is primarily the co-operatives organization and processes. The producers possess almost zilch or minimal knowledge about the fair trade movements because they seldom receive any raising from the representatives of the Fair Trade. In certain cases, the producers themselves are the catalysts who worsen the situation of lesser information. This happens through their reluctance towards aid assemblies of the co-operatives and other similar events.As the market for coffee is cyclical, the prices of this commodity fluctuate greatly. With the growth in the grade of conventional coffee, the obligations towards the channels of Fair Trade deteriorate. The Fair Trade Coffee depicts that with this scenario in concern, the producers fail to shut away effectively because of the difference between the prices cited by the co-operatives and that prevailing in the market decreases (Murray, Raynolds, & Taylor, 2003).

The Canterbury Tales Literary Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Canterbury Tales Literary Analysis - Essay Examplerough the eye of the narrator, who is a pilgrim himself, appargonntly ready to appreciate his companions for their worthiness, and also record their condition, their array, and their social degree To telle yow al the condicioun/Of ech of hem, so as it semed me,/And whiche they weren, and of what degree,/And eek in what array that they were inne The narrator took his tyme and space to relate his story which means that that he has considered his subjects for a expiration before putting their descriptions on paper, and his portrayals derive as much from his observation as his individual perceptions and opinions regarding the characters.The characters are described in order of their social rank the military estate represented by the nickname and the Squire is followed by the clerical estates portrayed through the Prioress, the Monk, the Friar and the Parson and then by the temporality represented by the wealthy Franklin to the poor Plowman the upper middle class is followed by a lower one and the rascals at the end. The pilgrims include a knight, a squire, a yeoman, a prioress, a randomness nun, the nuns priest, a monk, a friar, a merchant, a clerk, a sergeant of law, a franklin, a haberdasher, a carpenter, a weaver, a dyer, a tapestry weaver, a cook, a shipman, a doctor of physic, a wife of Bath, a parson, a plowman, a miller, a manciple, a reeve, a summoner, a pardoner, the host and the narrator himself. The number of professions depicted are representative of various sections of the society, and Chaucer presents a rich tableau of his times.The narrator is conscious of the social differences.He prize them, and in his description of the clothing, the accessories, and glimpses of behavior conjures up a wide array of characters. The Canterbury Tales was Chaucers attempt at reality in an era when most of the writers of his time were still engaged with larger-than life heroes his character live, breathe disc ombobulate and crack jokes as in real life, and Chaucer

Nike's Global Marketing Strategy Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Nikes Global Marketing Strategy - Term Paper ExampleIt hindquarters be said that the rise of internet and high speed data connectivity and transmission services in miscellaneous parts of the globe has guide to the rise of multinational corporations, who achieve significant rate of growth in the business by entering new and foreign markets in emerging as head as established economies around the world. lecture in these lines, it can be said that the rise of connectivity power has led to the significant get along of power transfer to consumers around the world, who increasingly look for high product character reference as strong as the ability to purchase highly branded products. This provided a significant amount of opportunity for Nike, a company with global presence and a series of branded product categories, whose demands are felt in all over the world from mingled emerging as surface as well developed markets.Nike, Inc. which has a significant number of business subsidi aries in various parts of the world is engaged in the processes of designing, develop workforcet, marketing as well as sales of the product. The product portfolio of the company comprises of shoes, apparels, accessories and gear, as well as a host of highly innovative products which are mainly aimed at increasing the aim of physical activity of human being, while providing the motivation to compete with others on the basis of their levels of activity. The product portfolio is targeted towards the individuals of various age groups and hence, the products are catered to the multiple segments comprising of men, women and kids. The product portfolio also serves the needs and demands of sports, clothing and gear related accessories for a variety of sports comprising of basketball, football, soccer. The product offerings of the company also include the requirements of running and training activities and requirements separately for both mens and womens (Nike.com, 2012). The company becau se of its apparel and footwear related accessories, falls under the sector of consumer goods. Talking in terms of global presence of the company, it can be said that the company has presence in all major(ip) markets around the world that comprises of the markets like Asia, American, Europe, Africa, etc. On an overall note, it can be said that the company has footprints in 170 countries, around the world (Investorguide.com, 2011) Talking about the market dominance, it can be said that the company is the largest manufacturers of sports goods, and accessories around the world. The company is also the one of the major sponsors for various clean-living tournaments around the world. It can also be highlighted that the brand has multiple associations with various reputed sporting agencies around the world and because of that are often recognized as the official sponsors of advertising for various large scale major tournaments. It also needs to be mentioned that in the most recent times, t he companys brand soma Nike is ranked at number 44, as per a study conducted WPP, which aimed to identify the top 100 brands of 2012 all over the world (WPP, 2012). Strategic Analysis of the Past Strategies are outlined by the companies of all sizes and dimensions in an attempt to cater to their target market as well as the target audience by the process of offering of their customized or specific products and services through effective segmentation, targeting and positioning of the consumers as well as designing a highly effective marketing

Reflection paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

Reflection physical composition - Essay ExampleThe politics in California have been and is strongly influenced by pays. Inadequacy of pabulum that govern campaign, and election finance is a threat to democracy. It exposes the government and political parties to scandals and blackmails by private corporations that may be giveing to finance campaigns so they may earn some favors from resulting government. This paper explores shortcomings of election finance provisions and the impending threat to democracy. Money has done much for California politics by fashioning fundraising an acceptable evil. The political class may be the beneficiaries of such insufficiency of the law in the smell out that, as it is now, campaign livelihood and fundraising provisions do not favor persons without connections and money to spend. This discourages participation. This paper will also explore the political class unwillingness to enact serious laws to reduce the influence justice in politics.Accor ding to federalism Fundraising (lobbying for the financial donation) remain the primary source of campaign money in California. The governmental Action Committee collects funds from donors and spends them on behalf of the candidate. Since American politics is closely related to finance and no campaign, money means no vote, individuals, and political parties are advancing in method of appealing for funding by wealthy individuals and organization. In 2004, Howard Dean used the Internet to mobilize civilians for funding. This might have changed fundraising improvement in America for good -which is much important than manifestos. Candidates have started using the latest technology called the Microtargeting- that has the talent to target only potential donors. (Washington Post) This show how important money is treated in politics. Raising to a greater extent money increases the chances of obtaining votes as observed in 2012 presidential and Senate

Blowback Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Blowback - Article ExampleHowever, the higher up policies changed after learning how harmful such policies could be to the inviolate world (Johnson pp.6-10).The U.S aimed to restore peace and successfulness after the cold war. Whereby, the U.S established certain bodies to restore peace and prosperity. This idea was embraced by almost entire world after learning how destructive war whitethorn turn the world economy (Johnson p.7).5. chance upon one of the pre-2001 blowback incidents Johnson mentions and explain how it relates to core themes of this class. Are there former(a) examples that we have covered that may involve blowback, but are not mentioned in this reading?Some of the blowbacks that faced United States complicate terrorist attacks among its innocent citizens. Whereby, the attacks were attributed to the previous imperial acts committed by the U.S to other nations. In addition, some economic policies that joined state formulated with an aim of harming other economies tur ned to affect the U.S. For instance, the 1977 economic meltdown affected Thailand, Indonesia, Korea and other countries were reported to have been caused by America. Those crises were least anticipated (Johnson pp.6-10). Additionally, the drug menace was reported to be a major blowback that affected Americans citizens. The drug problem may was attributed to American acts that were previously committed by corrupt CIA military officers. In addition, the Bombing of American embassies in Nairobi Kenya and Dare salaam in 1988 July was another relevant example of Blowbacks (Johnson pp.10). Another, unmentioned blowback that has not been put forth involves China becoming a super power economy. For instance, China is one of the biggest markets for Americans because most of the items utilize in the United States are import from China. This indicates that economic policies that were put forth by Americans to benefit them at the

Strategic Management Practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words - 1

Strategic Management Practice - Essay exemplificationThe progress of civilisation has been inextricably linked with the development of accommodate. The aspect of housing as a work venture has been there since time immemorial. Over the years, housing has evolved from being a necessity to a extravagance statement with luxurious condominiums dotting the landscape. Housing industry has evolved from being a necessity to a burgeoning profit reservation business. The demand for quality housing has been on the rise with the proportionate increase in the disposable income. overture to easy finance in the form of cheap credit has transformed the housing sector into a booming industry with huge potential. Twenty first century housing industry consists of big organisations murder projects worth billions of dollars across the world. The field deals with the strategic issues faced by Wulvern Housing.The recent financial crisis which began with the subprime crisis in US has engulfed the hou sing and real estate sector across the world. A research conducted by Knight uncivil and Delloite shows a severe match in the demand and supply dynamics of the real estate sector. The study shows that the supply of housing has hit rock bottom figures. The dip in supply could be attributed to the owe crisis and the subsequent credit squeeze and recession that have significantly reduced the demand for new housing space. The financial turmoil has resulted in job losses among individuals which have in turn reduced the availability of finance for purchasing new homes. The scenario is the same for both US as well as the European markets (Delloite, 2010, p.4-5). The financial crisis has impacted almost all the sectors in UKs economy. This crisis has also led to credit crunch which has severely affected the growth of an organization. Unavailability of credit has also affected the purchasing powers of the customers which has led to mismatch in demand and supply aspects. Such conditions have severely eroded the

Affirmative action should be continued Research Paper

Affirmative action mechanism should be continued - Research Paper ExampleSince its inception, affirmative action has succeeded in balancing the scale of opportunities operable to men and women of all ethnicities. A quota system generally reflects the areas ethnic demographics thereby allowing for existent equality opportunity that is not discriminatory towards any particular race. Although the majority ethnic group whitethorn now feel they are being treated unjustly beca engross they have indeed lost footing from an economic standpoint, the scale is actually now adjusted closer to the middle thanks primarily to the use of affirmative action, demonstrating the need for this practice to continue.Since its inception in the mid 1960s, affirmative action has aided umteen thousands of previously disadvantaged peoples who have since gained previously denied access. This includes those of color, other minorities and all women who were previously excluded from jobs, educational opportuni ties, or were denied chances for proficiency within the institution once given access. These gains have led to very real changes not yet in individuals lives but in the advancement of societys value of umpire for all. Affirmative action programs do not have the ability to eradicate racist attitudes, just somewhat of the effects caused by it.The idea of affirmative action has had its detractors and its implementation has not been without problems, but to eliminate this insurance policy of equal treatment would be to take away the hard fought victories of the Civil Rights Movement and turn bum the clock towards the dark days of overt racism in the pre-1960s U.S. Debates surrounding affirmative action policies are much more far reaching than the legal issue alone. It is the moral responsibility of every(prenominal) citizen and institution in this country to affect all means of ending racism. Yet there is a faction of society who does not accept and have vehemently

Outline How Material Things Essay Example for Free

Outline How secular Things EssayThis essay will outline how material things on City Road favour the activities of c endure to groups of people over others by looking at Ethnicity, Class and Gender. City Road is a greathearted road filled with lots of disparate cultures, sexual practice, class, age and history. When walking down the road it stand be seen that the belong and not belonging in the society. It opens your eyes as to what exactly goes on in several(predicate) societies and City Road is a big street with a lot of demands and structures in it. Over the days society changed and so did the street.It goes by what is in demand, how society changes and by the vast majority of different cultures coming into the area. You see a lot of people trying to conform to the society and many trying to drive onto their own identities. First of every(prenominal) Im going to talk about the Ethnicity on the street. We are going to the Xquisite Africa shop. Janet, the lady that o wns the shop originates from Africa and moved to the UK over ten years ago. When she came to the UK she thought that she had to change her individuality and conform to the society.She sells a lot of things from Africa and by doing this she gets to hold onto her identity of the African culture and also appeals to customers from the corresponding ethnic background. She felt after being in the UK for ten years that she had lost her identity and so she decided to take a trip back home to Africa to re-charge her batteries as she puts it. She requireed to re-gain her culture that she so desperately lost. This aspect could help her re-gain her culture and identity and allows her to share this with the right clientele from a multi-racial background.She can share a state of belonging to a brotherly group that has in common a national or cultural background, whilst negotiating with people on the complex of different identities. She contributes to the African social tone and society as we ll as on City Road. Therefore promoting her African background and sagacity there is no need to conform to the society and changing her identity. We then move onto class in the Municipal Club. A social stratum, whose members share a certain economic, social or cultural characteristics. For this exercise the working class. It is aimed at the local residents and has over 100 years of history.A group containing members regarded as having certain attributes of traits in common has slowly disappeared and they long for the society to change back to what they believed it was. Whilst in the (DVD, make social lives on City Road, 2009, scene 5) Lloyd Robson talks to couple of residents in the club and gets their insight of what is going on. He asked them if they thought the club had a future. They said no. no-one wants to know it anymore and even the members have started to lose interest. But because the society has changed it meant that they described city road as being dangerous and rou gh. They long for the past.They want it to go back to what they say it used to be or imagined it. The inequalities and differences that has changed and also the traditions has been lost. They lack the sense of belonging they used to have when City Road used to be theirs. Then we come across the Sanna Silk shop. This is where the feminine is favoured over the male. Its a family business orientated around females as they sell and make dresses of different materials. They get to choose their type of material and their patterns. It is mainly focused at Asian women. In the (DVD, Making social lives on City Road, 2009, scene 6 by Raghuran) she says it is a very different modality of portraying Asian women than I often seen in the media. They also have a section for jewellery. to the highest degree of their jewellery is 22 carat gold and is mainly aimed at the women. They also have a picking for their wedding day. So it has an Asian culture that is even though yes men go in to debauch but is very female orientated. Conclusion Therefore in City Road, my examples favour female gender activities over male, is a very multi-racial area and favours specific class over others. Therefore explaining that society changes all of the time and conforms to whatever is more in demand in that specific time of era.

Philippine Poetry Essay Example for Free

Philippine Poetry Essay raze before the foreign invaders came to the Philippines, the Filipinos already had their own cultural traditions, kinship grouplore, mythologies and epics. There were substantial writings by beforehand(predicate) natives that Jesuit historian Fr. Pedro Chirino noted All of the islanders argon much given to reading and writing. And there is scarce a man, much less a woman who did not read and write. expansives be stories that are create verbally in poetic form. They are usually described to display such tremendous vitality, color and imagination. Epic stories are tales about love and adventures of native heroes.The heroes adventures are usually about how they become endowed with powers from the gods, combat monsters, triumph over formidable armies, ride the wind, travel on flying shields and protect the earliest communities of the islands. with the years, epic poems have grown and matured. Early historians like Padre Colin, Joaquin Martinez de Zu niga and Antonio Pigafetta have all attested to the initiation of these epics. At the arrival of Don Miguel Lopez de Legaspi in 1565, it was reported, the natives presented him with a dramatic play.During festivities and special occasions, epic poems and songs area performed. well-nigh often, these epic poems (folk epics or ethno-epics) were titled after the names of the hero involved, except for some which carry traditional titles like the Kalinga Ulalim the Sulod Hinilawod the Maranao Darangan or the Bicol Ibalon. Old Time History, as stories about folk heroes of long ago are referred to, is used to study the lifestyle and beliefs of the people of that time. They were also referred to as lost, because they were soon forgotten by natives influenced hard by Spanish and western colonization.It has been said that during the early(a) days of the Spanish intrusions, the priests destroyed all exist records of paganism, as well as all forms of writing and art work regarding the ancie nt Philippine folk heroes. This has been proven to be false due to the fact that the early epic poetry is still know and used at present as reference in studies of the past especially the lifestyle, love and aspirations of the early Filipinos. This valuable inheritance from the past must be preserved for this can be used as a proof for national identity.It is from these that a Filipino can feel heroic, truly pulsating with splendor of a magnificent and authentic cultural force. Being composed of thousands of islands, it is no wonder that the country is rich in culture and tradition with various influences in different parts of the nation. As a result, the Philippines has become a melting pot of nations and is a source of a rich variety of culture and stories. The following are some examples of the epic poetry found in the country.

Study Habits Essay Example for Free

Study Habits EssayIntroductionEach student has unique way of studying. They resist various(prenominal)ly in academic performances and study habits. The efficiency of the students at this stage depend upon his/her study and how soundly his/her lessons.The effectiveness of the intellectual ability of a student is assessed by its ability to perform and respond in lectures, assignments and scores in examination. The values on attitude and the well-planned efforts to maintain good grades and most importantly develops a positive value which is the sense of responsibility. Different techniques applied by students on their study habits. Some manifested pore on their studies and others portray a happy go-lucky style which means a poor study habits. A person with a goal in life inspite of hindrances experienced, aspire or aim high to mete out with challenges along the way.(Legaspi 2010)It is generally agreed that healthy family atmosphere and satisfactory parent- child relationship a re crucial for the good performance of every student. Study habit plays an important role in the academic condition of a student. To accomplish such an objective, it is necessary that student should have effective and enjoyable use of blank time where discipline comes in. Because of technological advances, there are many temptations to destruct the students and it is through this that they can negate the growing dependency passive forms of recreations such as computer, cell phones, and TV. These can cause damage to students because they became lazy. This strategy should also be discouraged for they can cause mental block.The teacher exercises considerable influences of the students development of 2 attitude, mental hygiene and deals of behavior. This particular attitude displayed by a teacher from the student affects the latter significantly. The individuals degree of intelligence or of intelligent behavior is his/her degree of ability of attention, relentive and recall, induct ive and deductive reasoning and generalization as there respond to the learnedness process.(Legaspi 2010)Study habits of Second Year students of angel Michael College of Caraga is very interesting topic because it will help most of the students to adopt the good method of learning and studying. It also help every students to cope up with their problems encountered from their studies. It enables them to create effective and economical ways to their studies. On the side of the Saint Michael College of Caraga, they will able to comprehend every students and rendering good teachings which creates effective and efficient teacher.

The Democratic Republic of Congo Essay Example for Free

The Democratic Republic of congou tea EssayThe Democratic Republic of congou tea (DRC) has been characterized by the behavior of her natives, especially in the eastern part, being engaged into selling well-nigh of her blue-chip minerals such as gemstones and gold to other countries via the black markets mostly located at the states borders. The stakeholders in this business include the Senegalese, Indian and Chinese clients. Though the smugglers participating in this kind of outlawed business atomic number 18 small part-time group of actors, they earn themselves millions of dollars, part of which is hidden in the countrys distressed backwoods. This income has been used to finance the countrys armed groups (Manson, 1). As a result, it has not been so smooth and easy to get to the bottom of the conflict that has over years existed over the Congos minerals. Even some of the smugglers testify that because of the sufferings that they have undergone for quite a long period of ti me, they firm to this dirty business since they had nothing else they could do. Arguments from lobby groups in the U. K.reported that in order to attain stay in Congo and resettle the millions of displaced citizens, mineral-related conflicts ought to be contained first. However, it has been very challenging to resolves these conflicts because certain(a) hindrances. To begin with, the smuggling routes are untraceable. Despite these pathways being rocky, twisted and on the green hills, there are armed men who quest for cash taxes and other levies such as their imposed in-kind levies. Moreover the mining sites are all done guided majorly by the PARECO, a former militia group (Global Witness, 1).Manufacturers of mobile phones have also been criminate for having helped finance these conflicts since these companies have been using metals such as tantalum and tin which are obtained from the processing of the minerals from this country. As a result, these mobile phone companies have b een called upon to review their supply chains with the aim of making certain that their tin and tantalum supplies are not from militia-controlled or military units-controlled mines.Thailand based Thailand Smelting and Refining Company (Thaisarco) has been incriminate for being a manufacturer of the mobile phones that buys ore from a Hutu Militia group, FDLR (Katrina, 1). Thaisarco is owned by Amalgamated surface Corporation (AMC), a British company In the resolutions by the U. N. , it was highlighted that a measure to freeze the assets and inhibition the travels for those involved in financing the illegal Congolese armed groups should be taken on worldwide.In order to help hold back the catastrophes associated with the corrupt and illegal exploitation of the Congos mineral resources, the international trade system stakeholders have been urged to mend any loopholes so as to end not only this impunity but also avoid environmental abuses, bring to a halt mineral-linked conflicts and more significantly refrain from infringing the Congolese human rights. Furthermore, guideline to enable the tracing of the sources of the minerals should be put forth.Media analysis has helped me find clearly the causes of the conflicts that are in Congo that are closely linked with the illegal exploitation of the minerals at bottom the country, the contributors of these conflicts and also the prescriptions, from various public views, on how resolutions may be arrived at. This is because the analysis enhances the understanding of raw info from the various view points.It has played a crucial role in helping relate the events that were occurring in DRC. However, media analysis proves to be limiting is some ways. For instance, the information provided is most a times summarized, missing some first hand information. As a result, one is made to believe on the information at hand. Works Cited Global Witness. Metals in Mobile Phones Help Finance Congo Atrocities. February 16, 2009, Vie wed August 2, 2010 from http//www. globalwitness.org/media_library_detail. php/718/en/metals_in_mobile_phones_help_finance_congo_atrocities Katrina, M. Groups Says Suing UK over Congo remainder Minerals. Times Live, July 26, 2010. Viewd August 2, 2010 from http//www. timeslive. co. za/africa/article570920. ece/Group-says-suing-UK-over-Congo-conflict-minerals Manson, K. Uphill Task to Solve Congos Conflict Minerals. Reuters Jul 30, 2010, viewed August 2 2010 from http//uk. reuters. com/article/idUKTRE66T1LR20100730

Battle of Trafalgar Essay Example for Free

betrothal of ap saddle ment of Trafalgar EssayThe Battle of Trafalgar was the most signifi earth-closett affair won by the British against the combine forces of the french and Spanish legislates during the Napoleonic Wars. This scrap also had significant impact on the concept of pilotage when it comes to the Naval Doctrine of War. This difference proved that tactical heresy could win battles even though you superpower be out humanned and outgunned by your opponent you can still win battles by deviating from the old Naval Doctrine.This battle was part of a much larger campaign called the Trafalgar campaign which included several(prenominal) antithetical battles that led up to the final battle at Trafalgar. This campaign was a long and complicated serial of fade maneuvers carried out by the combined French and Spanish fleets and the opposing moves of the British Royal dark blue during much of 1805. These were the culmination of French plans to force a passage through the English Channel, and so get a successful invasion of the United Kingdom. The plans were extremely complicated and proved to be impractical.Much of the decimal point was due to the personal intervention of Napoleon, who was a soldier rather than a sailor. This was largely because Napoleon failed to postulate the effects of weather, difficulties in communication, and the intervention of the Royal Navy. Despite limited successes in achieving some elements of the plan the French commanders were unable to follow the main objective through to execution. The campaign, which took place everywhere thousands of miles of ocean, was marked by several nautical engagements, most significantly at the Battle of Trafalgar on 21 October 1805.The naval philosophical system at the time dictated that both sides should line up parallel to to each oneother in a genuine line so that they could engage in battle and bring all their guns to bear against the foeman. One of the reasons for the tra ining of the line of battle was to help the admiral control the fleet. If all the ships were in line, signaling in battle became possible. The line also had defensive properties, let ining either side to disengage by breaking a personal manner in formation. If the attacker chose to continue combat their line would be broken as well.This type of state of war allowed each side to fight a battle and then to disengage at all time to denigrate the losses to their fleet. save with England under threat of invasion by Napoleon and his grand army, British admiral Lord Horatio Nelson requisite to ensure that the British were in control of the seas. In order to do this Nelson needed to fight and win a decisive battle that would clearly establish Britains naval supremacy. However in order to do this he would have to make sure that the combined French and Spanish fleets actually remained in the battle long enough to win a decisive victory.What Nelson planned on doing was instead of lining up parallel to the opposing fleet, Nelson would take his navy and charge at the enemy and deliberately cut the their battle line in two. This type of deviation from normal naval warfare in terms of seafaring was unheard of at the time. Despite the risk to the British fleet, Nelson believed that this was the best way to engage the enemy fleet in the upcoming battle because it had numerous advantages. The primary advantage was that this would allow the British to cut half of the enemy fleet off, surround it, and force a fight to the end.This is contrasted normal engagements where the battle was often inconclusive due to the fact that both fleets would withdraw forrader a clear winner could be seen. The plan had three principal advantages. First, it would allow the British fleet to besotted with the Franco-Spanish fleet as readily as possible, reducing the chance that it would be able to escape without fighting. Second, it would quickly bring on close quarters battle by breaking th e Franco-Spanish line and inducing a series of individual ship-to-ship fights, in which the British were likely to prevail.Nelson knew that the better seamanship, faster gunnery, and higher morale of his crews were swell advantages. Third, it would bring a decisive concentration on the rear of the Franco-Spanish fleet. The ships in the front of the enemy fleet would have to turn fundament to support the rear, and this would take a long time. Additionally, once the Franco-Spanish line had been broken, their ships would be relatively defenseless to powerful broadsides from the British fleet and would take a long time to displace and return fire.The main drawback of this strategy was that slide the British fleet into the combined French and Spanish battle line, the British ships would be fully exposed to the enemy broadsides without the ability to return fire. In order to fall the time the fleet was exposed to this danger Nelson would have to drive the fleet straight into the enem y battle line as fast as he could.This was yet another departure from navigation rules of naval warfare. Nelson was also well aware that French and Spanish gunners were ill-trained, nd would probably be supplemented with soldiers. These untrained men and would have difficulty firing accurately from a moving gun platform. This was in stark similarity to British gunners who were well drilled, and the Royal Marines who were expert marksmen. Another advantage that the British fleet had was that the enemy was sailing across a heavy swell, causing the ships to roll heavily and exacerbating these problems. Nelsons plan was indeed a gamble, but a carefully calculated one. The battle itself started exactly as Nelson wanted it to.The British fleet was able to successfully cut the French and Spanish battle line in half and so forcing a close quarters battle. Despite the huge risk that Nelson was taking his plan stop up working. Nelson scored a huge victory against the combined French and Sp anish fleet. He managed to capture over twenty of the enemy ships and inflicted heavy casualties against while suffering few casualties himself. Unfortunately during the battle Nelson was pierced by a musket ball and died from his wounds before he could see the outcome of the victory.Some argue that his loss outweighed any gains made by the British Navy. Following the battle, the Royal Navy was never again seriously challenged by the French fleet in a large-scale engagement. Napoleon had already aban maked his plans of invasion before the battle and they were never revived. This battle firmly established Britains naval supremacy over France. In terms of navigation, this battle was very significant. The most important thing is that it proved that following standard navigational techniques during an engagement wont always win a battle.The best tactic is to be aleatory so that the enemy has to adapt to what you are doing thus giving you the tactical advantage. This is exactly what Nel son did in the Battle of Trafalgar and it paid off. He proved that sometimes in battle deviating from the norm of battle navigation is the best thing to do, and ever since navies around the world have looked to the strategies employed by Nelson. What is being done today is that naval commanders are being educated about naval history so that they can learn and even employ these types of strategies if they need to in battle.In conclusion, the Battle of Trafalgar was a bit point in which ships would fight naval battles in terms of navigation due to the tactical unorthodoxy employed by Nelson. This battle has had long term effects and even today commanders look back and employ some of the same strategies used. The importance of this battle cannot be underestimated because not only was it the number point in the Napoleonic Wars for the British in terms of establishing naval supremacy at the time, it was a turning point in naval warfare. Navigation would never be the same thanks to one man and one decisive battle.

Thermopylae Speech Essay Example for Free

battle of Thermopylae Speech EssayThe battle at Thermopylae was a yen awaited battle, after both powers Athens and Persia submitted to a 10 year inter-war stop from 490BC to 480BC, in order to cargonfully prepare a succor invasion from the Persians, following the bruise defeat of Darius at marathon. Xerxes actions were motivated by revenge and the urge to burn Athens to the ground, just equivalent Sardis, however he knew it would not be easy. The Persians spent multiple years recruiting new infantry from exclusively areas of its Empire, gathering a total of 500,000 new soldiers,archers, cavalry and inmortals for the second invasion. Not only this, provided Xerxes decisiveness to conquer the Hellenics was so great he ordered his engineers to build a Poonton consisting of 314 ships crossing the Hellospont for him and his troops.The Greeks received development regarding the numbers and desires of the Persians from spies they move to Sardis, Xerxes headquarters. Having exp erience gained from previous Persian campaigns, they knew that in order to battle against such superintendent power , they had to form altogetheriances to fight for one common goal, despite the fact they belonged to different races and were organized into city-states. In Autum of 481 B.C. , A Pan-Hellenic meeting was held in Corinth , having 31 cities attending the meeting besides a a couple of(prenominal) that did not. Unanimously Sparta was given leadership of the army and the fleet under the command of King Leonidas, although the general abnegation plan was commanded by the Athenian Themistocles, who foresaw the battle will be determined on the seas, if only the get in between Central to Southern Greece was guarded.Fighting in the open land would be fatal as they lacked cavalry units and were highly outnumbered, 3 to 1. Thermopylae was the perfect site. The pass itself was narrow, situated between the sea and the tall cliffs. It had a length of about 9 km and narrows in thr ee places at the eastern and occidental ends there was room for only one carriage, while the middle section was 15 m wide. The Greeks would aim this to their advantage, because it was so narrow, even with an army as big as the Persians had, only a small number could genuinely fight at any one time. This enables a minimal men to hold off enormous armies for long amounts of time, which is exactly how life-threatening combat was fought.The Hellenic Army, reached Thermopylae at the beginning of August. In total, a force of about 7000 to 8000 men was assembled. The numbers were again given by Herodotus 300 Spartans, 700 Tegeats, 550 Mantineians, 300 from Arcadian Orchomenos, 1,000 Arcadians in general, 600 Corinthians, 460 from Phlian, 150 Mycenaeans, 800 Thespians, 450 Thebans, the complete army from Opuntion Locrain and 1,000 Phocians.The Pass would prevent the oppositeness from developing his land forces while the small channel of the Evripou prevented the possibility of the Hell enic Fleet being encircled. In addition, a fortifications had been built by a 1000 Phocians to the east of the central pass of Thermopylae in Anopaia to defend the other entry. By defending the Pass the Greeks would be able to apply a backdown strategy and at the uniform time wear out the enemy and cause him serious casualties and reject his morale.They were very fit, agile, used to marching with heavy armory, they knew the land and their weapons were heavier and more effective. The hoplite phalanx that the Spartans formed was a compact, woful metallic wall of shields and lances. In comparison to Persian armory which was minimal, soldiers wore bright robes with chain armors underneath, carried a long shield called spara and spears much shorter than the Greeks or if they were archers a caved wooden bow. Inmortals were more equipped , having a bronze armor, helmet a bronze square shield for better grip and a axe.Thinking that the Greeks were impertinent and reckless, he move Med es and Cissians with orders to take the Greeks prisoner and to bring them back alive. The resistance they encountered however was tough, and the same result was achieved by the Immortals who were sent into battle led by General Hydarnes. Their casualties were high and they were forced to withdraw during the night. In fact, as Herodotus characteristically reported, Xerxes jumped up three times from his throne as he watched the battle, fearing for his army.Like the first day, Persias second attack was again unsuccessful. Forcing the Empire to retreat with high losses. Xerxes was perplexed and while pondering what to do, a Greek named Ephialtes, son of Eyrydimos and Malida, presented himself and informed the King that the Lakedaimonian positions were accessible from the Anopaia path. That same night, Hydarnes and the Immortals proceeded along the path, guided by EphialtesWith the retreat of the Phoebians at the pass of Anopaia, Leonidas dismissed the remaining Greeks, to be left alone standing with his 300 spartans and a a few(prenominal) thebians , encircled agains 10,000 inmortals. Defeat was quick thanks to Persian arrows.Herodotus was the only writer who recorded the events of the battle but this was done nearly a generation later, so reliability may be questioned. Numbers and dates are often regarded as incorrect due to the tendency of exaggeration from Herodotous. According to Herodotus, the main force was to convey later, after the completion of the Carneia Festival in Sparta and the Olympic Games. However, the festivals did not prevent the Peloponnesian Fleet to sail, which is very contradictory .Apart from the exaggeration and reliability, both Herodotous and modern historian Tom Holland agree upon the importance of Thermopylae.The release of these men remains in history forever as the most characteristic expression of Spartan bravery, according to Tom. Leonidas managed to safeguard the honour and fame of Sparta, as well as the withdrawal of his allie s, while at the same time delaying significantly the advancement of Xerxes and causing serious losses to his forces while raising the morale of the Greeks, who finally crushed the Persians during the naval battle at Salamina just a few weeks later.If it wasnt for Leonidas army and all the other city states that fought alongside, there was a major possibility that Greece would have been lost to Persia, and most of its early influence in the world such as art, philosophy , language, architecture and maths would have been erased. thusly Leonidas time delay against the Empire was crucial for Athens to prepare for the naval battle at Salamis.

Master Student Strategies Multiple Choice Questions Essay Example for Free

Master Student Strategies Multiple Choice Questions showWhich of the following is not a strategy of a master student? C a. Setting shortsighted term goals b. Setting long term goals c. Assessing your positive traits d. Avoiding an open? minded approach to problem solution 2. Completing self? discovery exercises assists students in C a. Assessing employment locations b. Assessing computer programs c. Assessing themselves as students/employees d. Assessing travel itineraries 3. Characteristics of a master student include B a. an unwillingness to change b. a willingness to take responsibility for actions in wizards life c. extreme focus on ones grades d. positive military strength 4. The three sensory modes of learning discussed in class include B a. Vivid, action, knowing b. Visual, auditory, kinaesthetic c. Vital, anxious, kinesthetic d. Verbal, auditory, kinesthetic 5. When exhibiting master student strategies, one might demonstrate all of the following except C a. Avoidi ng thinking outside of the box b. Self direction c. Optimism d. Goal setting 6. The term metacognition is defined as C a. study about objects b. Learning about science c. Learning about learning d. performing without thinking 7. in that respect are four questions connected to the modes of learning.They include all of the following except D a. Why? b. What c. How? d. When? 8. Strong self motivation encourages all of the following except B a. Changing ones mind b. Ignoring goals c. Comparing benefits d. Requesting help 9. When attempting to bring about change in ones behavior one should not consider D a. Affirmations b. Requesting help from friends c. Starting with minor changes d. Setting delusive goals 10. Strategies for time management include all of the following except D a. Monitoring work think tasks b. Setting a stopping time c. Maintaining a clear desk or work area d. procrastinationTrue/False Questions 11. Mnemonic Devices may not assist one in recalling information Flas e 12. There is only one approach to becoming a critical thinker False 13. Successful students should effort to connect their learning style to their education and their future career choices. True 14. Spending time with soul who demonstrates the types of success strategies that you are trying to implement is probably not a good idea. False 15. tactility uncomfortable in a learning situation is not a normal part of the learning cycle. False 16. Motivation may result from clarifying ones goals and acting upon them. True 17.Learning styles may be connected to study strategies that can be used to help a student succeed in a course. True 18. Visual learning means one is focusing on the kinesthetic section of the learning styles 19. A benefit of keeping a journal during the semester is that it may take into account one to write about the connections between courses being studied. True 20. In an effort to become a master student, one should try to make predictions based on the strategi es one has learned and check to cypher if his/her life experiences coincide with those predictions. True 21.Time is considered to be a renewable resource. False 22. Becoming sensitive of ones particular style of procrastination may not assist in ever-changing ones behavior. True 23. Graphic signals are used to enhance a students class notes Flase Short Answers 24. Please describe four characteristics of a master student. Provide specific examples of how these characteristics may be demonstrated. Set goals, achieving the goals in the time frame. Be able to manage time effectively. 25. Decision fashioning skills are important for master students. Please explain how one may improve his/her skill at making decisions in life. By setting goals for their self.

Organizational Behavior Essay Example for Free

organisational Behavior EssayOrganizational Behavior Instructor Rachana Misraraj December 10, 2012 Organizational Behavior Analysis Organizational Behavior is the study and application of knowledge about how people, singles, and convocations act in governments. Organizational appearance is a misnomer. It is non the study of how organizations behave, but rather the study of individual deportment in an organizational setting.This includes the study of how individuals behave al iodine, as well as how individuals behave in groups(Werthiem, 2004). The tendency of organizational expression is to gain a greater mind of those factors that catch individual and group dynamics in an organizational setting so that individuals and the groups and organizations to which they belong may become to a greater extent economical and effective. The theatre of operations also includes the analysis of organizational factors that may have an put to work upon individual and group behavior. Much of organizational behavior research is ultimately aimed at providing human resource management professionals with the information and tools they need to select, train, and hold up employees in a fashion that yields maximum benefit for the individual employee as well as for the organization.The break up of the paper below is to analyze the organizational behavior of my current or former employer (current Street, Water, and Sewer surgical incision for my town), by describing how separately of the components listed below influences the behavior of the organization in a negative or supreme air, and they include, the Type of culture (Pluralism, Dualism or Salad bowl? ) Modes of colloquy (Describe the preponderant communication form employ, e. g. written or verbal) Nature of authority (recognized mixer rank) Motivational techniques (Describe the motivational driving forces e. g.Intrinsic or extrinsic used to influence productivity and act? ) Areas of EQ in corporeald (Desc ribe how the organization embraces the theory of emotional news show) and How atomic number 18 the components of a realistic organization embraced? (Explain how the organization embraces new paradigms such as teleworking and virtual offices? ). Grasping a complex and knowledgeable understanding on why, when, where and how, organizational behavior functions and operates, discount provide great tools and skills to an individual or organization to better manage behavior and productivity inwardly a telephoner.I currently work for as a laborer for the Water/Sewer department for my county/town. As a member of the STREET department which is responsible for the maintenance and repair of City roads and right-of- tracks maintenance and repair of drainpipe located on City property inst e reallyation and maintenance of signs and roadway markings and removal of snow and ice. The Employees operates, maintains and repairs conglomerate machinery, tools, and equipment. As for the water s upply department, this position is responsible for maintenance and repair of Citys WATERLINE system.Inst alones any and all new additions to the existing distribution system as well as performs necessary maintenance and or repairs to any part of the water distribution system. Performs miscellaneous duties such as operating and repairing equipment, general foot up, concrete finishing, painting, and so forth Uses various hand tools, power tools, heavy equipment and machinery. As a member of the WASTEWATER(Sewer)Department which is responsible for maintenance and repair of the Citys sewer line system. Employee performs necessary maintenance, repairs, and/or replacement of sewer system components.Employee uses various hand tools, power tools, heavy equipment, trucks, and machinery. Employee performs miscellaneous duties such as operating and repairing equipment, general clean up, concrete finishing, painting, etc. Good communications skills be required as this position frequently deal s directly with the public. The native hours of this position are Mon twenty-four hour period through Friday during the day however, extended shifts and everywhere clipping on weekends, evenings, and holidays may be required. and then organizational behavior skills are a must.Type of culture (Pluralism, Dualism or Salad bowl? ) Culture drive out be defined as the cultivated behavior that is socially transmitted. It involves the accumulation of knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, experiences, religion, relations, concepts of the universe, values, meanings, roles, notions of time, relations, bodily possessions and objects acquired and a way of vivification of a group of people throughout the generations. When it comes to the type of culture on my job I would have to describe it as a pluralism type of culture. This refers to the type of culture whereby smaller groups of people within a large company tend to maintain their unique culture identities and their values, behaviors and ide ntities are well genuine by the wider society or culture. The minor groups of people participate fully within the dominant society while still maintaining their cultural differences. It involves coexistent of different cultures in a location without the domineering of one particular culture.The human differences that exist are accepted by the majority and hence it eliminates discrimination in the form of racialism or sexism. It can also be refereed to as multiculturalism (Henry, 2011). Within the three departments that I participate and work in, in that respect are 5 different nationalities of workers who coincide within the organization, and they include African American, Mexican, Caucasian, Latino, and American Indian. Each and every one of these individuals, have their own way of living, eating, etc..But when everyone clocks in in the morning, we are all one cohesive group, who knows that the main s exonerateping point is to come to work, be safe, appreciate your fellow co-w orker, get the job done in a professional manner, and most historicly be in the best interest of the tax payers and the town in general, while at the same time excepting who distributively individual is a person, where they come from, and their cultural differences. This influences the company in a arbitrary manner because, it incorporates good behavior on the job, respect for the job, peremptory progress for the people participating at the job, and goal completion.Modes of communication (Describe the dominant communication form used, e. g. written or verbal) Communication consists of transmitting, receiving, and processing information. In organizations, communications flow between individuals, between levels in the organizational hierarchy, between departments, and between the company and outside(a) publics. rough-and-ready communication has often been linked to interpersonal and company success (Baak, 2012). Communication is of senior high grandness on any job, especially t he one that I work for, due to the risks that are associated with the work and projects that we take on. level(p) though we may use written communication from time to time, describing what our daily goals and tasks are, verbal communication is the dominant mode of communication throughout the organization. Whether it be verbal or non verbal, both revolve roughly the importance of everyone, working in sync with one another and most importantly working safely around your fellow co-worker.One example is, when we are replacing larger water lines (12 inches in diameter) within a trench, which may be at a depth of 2ft to 14ft. Therefore, when a worker is in the trench take around and locating the pipe, there must to be a competent person at the top of the trench looking for cracks or imperfections in the walls, where a potential cave in could happen, injuring or cleaning the person in the hole. So, verbal communication is regularly used when there is no machinery running, and you have to scare the workers of a severe situation.And non-verbal communication is used, when a gas powered saw is in operation to thin a pipe, in which, the worker cannot hear you verbally, thus non verbal actions and communication are used to disquietude the worker of potential danger and they are pulled out of the trench before anything catastrophic occurs. On that note, this influences the company on a postive level, because, both verbal and non-verbal communication is the dominant and vital mode of communication, that provides protection for a safe work environment. Nature of authority (recognized social rank)The nature of authority is also very important on my job because, each individual respects the fact that one should not go over the next persons head of authority, or having curiosity about a co-workers way of life without discussing it with them first. Because, there are individuals on the job who have been there 20 years, 10 years, 5 years, etc, therefore when you join a te am or a group of people, you become part of that organizations social system, and you must adjust and affect to that world of work. The variables in an organizational system operate in a working balance called social equilibrium.Individuals make a psychological contract that defines their personal relationship with the system. When they pay to the organizations success, we call their behavior functional. The wide of the mark environment that people live in is their social culture, and a major change in it can lead to cultural shock. People need to accept and appreciate the value that cultural differences can contribute to the success of an organization (www. angel fire. com). Other important cultural factors include the work ethic and corporate attitudes toward social responsibility.Role is the pattern of action expected of a person in activities involving others. Related ideas are role perceptions mentors, role conflict, and role ambiguity. Status is the social rank of a person in a group, and it leads to status systems and possibly status anxiety. Organizational cultures reflect the assumptions and values that guide a firm. They are impalpable but powerful influences on employee behavior. Participants learn about their organizations culture through the process of socialization and influence it through individualization (www. angel fire. com). On that note, the nature of authority can be both positive and negative, because, from a negative standpoint it can be used for growth in power in domination. But from a positive standpoint, it can be sued for uplifting other coworkers, by improvising their skills, capabilities and more importantly, their motivational drive on the job. Motivational techniques (Describe the motivational driving forces e. g. Intrinsic or extrinsic used to influence productivity and performance? ) Due to the constant and unpredictable adjustments that my organization goes through, behavior can change in a instant, with each and every individual on the job.Therefore, motivational techniques are a concurrent thing, on a day to day basis. There is no doubt that motivation is the driving force by which humans achieve their goals. Motivation can be intrinsic or extrinsic. Intrinsic motivation is driven by an interest or enthralment in the actions required to achieve a goal, without relying on impertinent rewards or pressures (Amin, 2011). In my organization the motivational driving force is intrinsic, because pride is everything to a man more than anything, therefore everyone on the job feels a sense of obligation to achieve the goals presented to them to their best ability.Productivity and performance stays at an all time high and positive level, thus, whatever daily goal is presented to us, is handled with sureness and integrity. Our motivation consist of reminding ourselves that what we do, is what we enjoy to do, what we do is appreciated by the tax payers family and most importantly we enjoy knowing that o ur skills and capabilities are worth the time and effort that we put forth to learn and achieve the skills and tools to exhaust present and future organizational objectives. Areas of EQ collective (Describe how the organization embraces the theory of emotional learning) Emotional intelligence (EI) refers to the ability to perceive, control and evaluate emotions. Some researchers suggest that emotional intelligence can be wise to(p) and strengthened, while others claim it is an inborn characteristic. And it consists of four branches that include perceiving emotions, reasoning with emotions, understanding emotions and managing emotions (Cherry, 2012). Based on the high demands of my job, my co-workers and myself included, may at times have high emotions about whether something on the job is not exhalation right, and show some form of frustration without even knowing it sometimes.Therefore my our organization constantly bring ons EQ (emotional intelligence ), reminder courses, t hat helps the crews keep a stable mind set when working in dangerous areas, and if something goes wrong, we use the EQ tools to control and manage our emotions for the sake/safety of our well being the others that are around. EQ classes have been very positive for the organization over the past 5 years, and every since the integration there have been no altercations, accidents, or incidents on the job at all.A 100% success rate. How are the components of a virtual organization embraced? (Explain how the organization embraces new paradigms such as teleworking and virtual offices? ) conventional brick and mortar businesses may become a thing of the past. immediatelys modern workplace has embraced the virtual environment. The ultimate goal of the virtual organization is to provide innovative, high-quality products or services instantaneously in response to customer demands (Hamilton, 2012). On that note, my organization has embraced the components of a virtual organization on a ve ry positive and useful level. For example, in the Water/sewer department, we are responsible for the distribution of bills/and cut-off notices for the water use throughout the city. For decades, this task was done by hand by hand I mean driving to each and every house in the city, knocking on the door, and handing the customer their water/sewer bill for that month. forever since the company embraced the components of a virtual organization, these tasks are now obsolete.Now we contact the customers, through email, text messaging, and voicemails. When the customer has a question about their bill, they are able to contact the office and have a videoconference with the workers in the water/sewer department, to discuss whatever problem they are having with their water/sewer bill, or their water/sewer in general. My organization has also embrace the concept of a virtual organization in the street department. When there is a down power line, streetlight, street sign, blocked up drain pipe s, etc. my organization has integrated a beacon system that alerts us when any of these incidents have occurred and in what area. all(prenominal) we have to do is acknowledge the beacon alert, log on to our computers, locate the problem, and proceed to fix the issue at hand. Integrating the components of a virtual organization has been immensely helpful and positive to our over all daily tasks and duties. In conclusion, Organizational Behavior is the study and application of knowledge about how people, individuals, and groups act in organizations.The purpose of organizational behavior is to gain a greater understanding of those factors that influence individual and group dynamics in an organizational setting so that individuals and the groups and organizations to which they belong may become more efficient and effective. Culture can be defined as the cultivated behavior that is socially transmitted. It involves the accumulation of knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, experiences, religio n, relations, concepts of the universe, values, meanings, roles, notions of time, relations, material possessions and objects acquired and a way of life of a group of people throughout the generations.When it comes to the type of culture on my job I would have to describe it as a pluralism type of culture. Communication consists of transmitting, receiving, and processing information. In organizations, communications flow between individuals, between levels in the organizational hierarchy, between departments, and between the company and outside publics. Effective communication has often been linked to interpersonal and company success. The nature of authority is also very important on my job because, each individual respects the fact hat one should not go over the next persons head of authority, or having curiosity about a co-workers way of life without discussing it with them first. Due to the constant and unpredictable adjustments that my organization goes through, behavior can ch ange in a instant, with each and every individual on the job. Therefore, motivational techniques are a concurrent thing, on a day to day basis. Emotional intelligence (EI) refers to the ability to perceive, control and evaluate emotions.Some researchers suggest that emotional intelligence can be learned and strengthened, while others claim it is an inborn characteristic. And it consists of four branches that include perceiving emotions, reasoning with emotions, understanding emotions and managing emotions. Traditional brick and mortar businesses may become a thing of the past. Todays modern workplace has embraced the virtual environment. The ultimate goal of the virtual organization is to provide innovative, high-quality products or services instantaneously in response to customer demands.All in all the purpose of the paper above, was to analyze the organizational behavior of my current or former employer (current Street, Water, and Sewer Department for my town), by describing how e ach of the components listed below influences the behavior of the organization in a negative or positive manner, and they include, the Type of culture (Pluralism, Dualism or Salad bowl? ) Modes of communication (Describe the dominant communication form used, e. g. written or verbal) Nature of authority (recognized social rank) Motivational techniques (Describe the motivational driving forces e. . Intrinsic or extrinsic used to influence productivity and performance? ) Areas of EQ incorporated (Describe how the organization embraces the theory of emotional intelligence) and How are the components of a virtual organization embraced? (Explain how the organization embraces new paradigms such as teleworking and virtual offices? ). Grasping a complex and knowledgeable understanding on why, when, where and how, organizational behavior functions and operates, can provide great tools and skills to an individual or organization to better manage behavior and productivity within a company.Refer ences Amin,. (July 21, 2011). Motivate your team intrinsically or extrinsically? Retrieved on December 10, 2012 from http//blog. 7geese. com/2011/07/21/intrinsic-vs-extrinsic-motivation/ Baack, D. (2012). Organizational behavior. San Diego, CA Bridgepoint Education, Inc Cherry, K. (2012). What Is Emotional Intelligence? Definitions, History, and Measures of Emotional Intelligence. Retrieved on December 10, 2012 from http//psychology. about. com/od/personalitydevelopment/a/emotionalintell. htm Hamilton, D. Dr. (April 23, 2012). Todays Organizations Embracing Virtual Business.Retrieved on December 10, 2012 from http//drdianehamilton. wordpress. com/2012/04/23/todays-organizations-embracing-virtual-business/ Henry,. (April 4, 2004). Culture Definitions and Types. Retrieved on December 10, 2012 from http//language. ezinemark. com/culture-definitions-and-types-17b25a011fd. hypertext mark-up language Wertheim, E. G. (February 22, 2004). Historical Background of Organizational Behavior. R etrieved on December 10, 2012 from http//ehcweb. ehc. edu/faculty/ljcumbo/downfiles/historyofOB. pdf http//www. angelfire. com/blues/cannonsessays/org_behavior/ORGANIZATIONAL_BEHAV

For those not familiar with this storyline Essay Example for Free

For those non familiar with this storyline EssayFor those not familiar with this storyline, Romeo + Juliet is just your average boy-meets-girl, boy-and-girl-fall-hopelessly-in-love, boy-kills-girls-cousin, girl-feigns-death, boy-and-girl-commit-suicide plot. Not genius to watch with a box of chocolates and a lad bonfire, but a box of tissues may well be needed. Director Baz Lehrmann chooses to set this epic in Mexico, a perfect modern backdrop for the violent gangland culture Shakespeares script conveys in a modern context.The two families-the Capulets and the Montegues- are pretty-prettyly contrasted the lighthearted Montegues in open Hawaiian shirts, against the tight dimmed clad Capulet boys sporting many gold accessories. These two groups of arch nemeses are, however, united by their mutual drug abuse of openly wearing guns with such flair and style they could easily pass as a modality accessory, rather than an accessory to murder. In the prologue the role traditiona lly played by the chorus is adopted by a real life U. S anchorwoman.The prologue is so turned into a news bulletin. You are literally drawn in to the film as the shot slowly zooms in on the television presentation the newsreader, before the shot hurtles down a metropolitan street, dragging the audience, with trailing stomachs, behind it. Lehrmann captivates his audience from the showtime with a visually stunning repeat of his prologue, utilising imagery from the whole film and conveying the entire storyline in under a minute. Contrary to what you may think, this in fact draws the viewer into the film.The imagery use in the prologue directly links to and supports the words in the scripted opening, and translates them into the modern context. Two houses, some(prenominal) also in dignity is represented by two giant skyscrapers either side of a road, one bearing a huge sign saying Capulet, the other Montague. As Romeo, Dicaprio shows the full depth of his acting ability. From lovel orn-Did my heart love til now? to murderous Either thou or I or both must go with him and back down again through all the levels of shock, anxiety, and of course suicidal.Clare Danes gives a beautiful portrayal of young innocent Juliet. Her facial expressions are convincing and manage to wordlessly express all(prenominal) feeling perfectly. Her lines are also delivered with huge compassion and emotion. Danes along with Dicaprio shows a huge variety in her performance, keeping a wide audience interested in a script labelled by many as boring. This is not the first time modern directors have messed around with the star crossd lovers. close notably Bernsteins all singing all dancing West Side Story, but also mainland China Girls and-more loosely- Romeo Must Die.However, this is the first modern adaptation to stick with Shakespeares script. Lehrmann has obviously had to make cuts in the text for the interestingness of the length of the film, but the dialogue he leaves in is fantasti cally effective. This spunked up version a sempiternal classic engrosses a viewer of any age from the outset, and keeps its grip almost complete through to enormously moving finale. Even staunch traditionalists must see that dragging this dusty play kicking and holler in to a twentieth century riddled with guns, drugs, and rock n roll has revived it in a way no amount of Lawrence Olivier ever could.

Face and Social Media Essay Example for Free

Face and Social Media Essay1 return non in force(p) another knock-offCompeting only on price was not what XiaoMi has chosen as their nerve strategy. Surely, their phones and tablets ar cheaper than Apples and Samsungs scarce, by far, not the cheapest ones in the market. There are cheaper smartphones that barrage China, however all of them have a major flow poor quality. Essentially, those devices are reverse-engineered versions of Samsung models built from cheaper materials. By coming up with a good quality phone at lower price tend was the key strategic move that put XiaoMi firmly on the map. The phone has a robust case, broad(prenominal) quality screen and a reasonable battery. It doesnt break easily, unlike cheaper copycats that start having issues after just a few months of implement. By building its own Android-based OS called MIUI, XiaoMi phones got new exciting features not found on standard Android devices as well as plenty of customization options.2 equipme nt casualty pay less now, pay more laterXiaoMi has also realized that selling cheaper phones near their real cost was not a sustainable long term strategy, so they decided to go with the viragos model just cover the cost of the devices and make money from selling content. Although, XiaoMi is often compared to Apple, curiously considering the fact that their founder, Lei Jun, resembles Steve Jobs in his style and charisma, it is clear that XiaoMis true inspiration comes from Amazon. Also, XiaoMi mostly sells online which push reduces cost of sales and overheads cogitate to brick and mortar stores or dealing with distributors and retailers. XiaoMi has also managed to harness the power of affable media by not only broadcasting their messages and announcements but by actively engaging with their customers. Engineers are routinely encouraged to speak directly to consumers and use self-possessed feedback to refine software.3 Place gain violence at home firstAlthough there are ru mors of XiaoMis inevitable coming to North American and European markets, the company seems to stay focused on China with 97% of the shipments locally. It has been mentioned that their next target go away be in South East Asia and, most likely, other BRIC countries. Recently, ex-Google executive, Hugo Barra, who himself hails from Brazil, has become new XiaoMis supranational face. It seems that the company is not in a rush togo to more developed markets dominated by Apple and Samsung and prefers staying focused in its home base where the market is still booming. Perhaps, potential IP related troubles stemming from frequent accusations of possible infringements, also play role in choosing to stay away from US and EU for now.4 Promotion the power of word of mouthOK, this one got to be my favorite so I have to break it down. First of all, early on, they have pioneered flash style sales which were done with critical or no advertising. Flash sales basically mean selling limited quant ities during limited periods. They constantly create anticipation and urgency great factors to win consumers minds and hearts. Needless to say, the units were sold quickly and talked over a lot all over Chinas vibrant affable media. Word of mouth marketing worked very well for XiaoMi and they continue to take full advantage of it.5 Promotion active use of social mediaXiaoMi has also managed to harness the power of social media by not only broadcasting their messages and announcements but by actively engaging with their customers. Engineers are routinely encouraged to speak directly to consumers and use gathered feedback to refine software.6 Promotion dedicated brand advocatesThrough its active role in social media, XiaoMi has also succeeded in building a dedicated fan base. Those Mi-fans are very active in social media and are, in some ways, similar to those hardcore Apple advocates that we are all familiar with. Mi-fans are always present at XiaoMis product launches where the y are known for loud cheering and applauding.7 Promotion CEO as the face of the brandLast but not least, XiaoMis attractive boss, Lei Jun, does a great job in making his brand look cool and current. He has put a face to a brand, something that traditional executives in China wouldnt feel contented doing. Lei Jens similarity to Steve Jobs in the ways he talks about the brand is not a coincidence the late Apples founder still holds an almost iconic two-base hit among Chinese.

Test for Glucose Control Treatment

Test for Glucose Control TreatmentIntroductionCarbohydrate normals the principle witness of energy. Usually polysaccharide (starch and glycogen) which ar glucose units joined by a-glucosidic links and disaccharides (sucrose and lactose) the main dietary carbohydrate. Carbohydrate acculturation must be presented to the intestinal epithelium in monosaccharide from mainly glucose and therefore digestion must insert absorption.Glucose gained a signifi ignoret importance because brain cells are very dependent on it as it is fix source of energy supply. Red blood cells also depend on glucose to carry out their functions. consequently the blood glucose submerging must be maintained within relative narrow ordain. After a carbohydrate-containing meal, glucose is transported in the portal blood to the liver, which takes up 60% of the glucose load. Consequently, a rise in the blood glucose dousing causes the release of insulin which will increase the entry of supernumerary glucose i nto the liver where it is sto rosy in form of glycogen.The practice germ plasm glucose stringency remains between 4.5 and 11 mmol/L, despite the intermittent load entering the body from the gastrointestinal tract. The maintenance of plasma glucose preoccupancy below 11 mmol/L minimizes overtaking from the body as healthful as providing the optimal supply to the brain. Mayne, (1994). All the filtered glucose through glomeruli is reabsorbed in the proximal tubules. Therefore no glucose should be detected in urine signifi butt jointt glycosuria occurs if the plasma glucose concentration exceeds 11 mmol/L.The two most all-important(prenominal) hormones in glucose homoeostasis are insulin and glucagon. Insulin is a 53 amino acid polypeptide, secreted by the -cells in the islet langerhans of the pancreas in response to a rise in the blood glucose concentration. Insulin stimulates glycogen synthesis and masters glycogenolysis through inter sue with an delicately coordinated del ay mechanism that is central to the regulation of blood glucose concentration. Glucagon is a 29 amino acid polypeptide secreted by the -cells of the pancreatic islet. Its secretion is decreased by a rise in the blood glucose concentration. The action of glucagon is opposite those of insulin. It stimulates hepatic glycogenolysis through activation of glycogen phosphorylase, gluconeogenesis, lipolysis and ketogenesis. Marshell, (2000).The world health organization (WHO) defined diabetes on the basis of laboratory findings as a fasting venous plasma glucose concentration greater than 7.8 mmol/L and greater than 11.1 mmol/L two hours after the oral ingestion of the equivalent of 75g of glucose even the fasting concentration is figure. Mayne, (1994). Diabetes mellitus classified in two types insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM type-1) where there is a defective insulin secretion. This delimitate presents in childishness or early adulthood (less than 20 years). Because of insulin deficien cy, hyperglycaemia is very correspondingly to occur. As a progeny glucose will leak to urine (glycosuria) because the plasma glucose concentration exceeds the renal threshold (10 mmol/l). Other consequences related to this condition are polyuria (frequent urination), glucose lost in urine draw water with it by osmosis producing osmotic diuresis characterized by polyuria. The excess fluid lost from the body leads to dehydration and zest which is a compensatory mechanism to counteract the dehydration. One of bleak metabolic complication that may occur in this condition is ketoacidosis there is increased lipide and protein breakdown, enhanced hepatic gluconeogenesis and impaired glucose into cells. Marshall, (2000). In this condition insulin doses are required for the treatment.The causes of the type I diabetes can be an autoimmune where the islet cell antibodies react specifically with the -cells, or viral infection that revoke the -cells of pancreatic islet. Individual with cert ain human leukocyte antigen (HLA) types have been shown to carry a particular naughty encounter of developing type I diabetes.In type II diabetes, non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), obesity is the biggest risk factor, 90% of type II diabetes are obese and it is occurs in the late onset. In this condition -cells of islet langerhans are regulation which mode that there will be a regular insulin concentration and some durations juicy in the blood. Also the sensitivity of insulins target cells reduced. The cause of reduced remains elusive, recent research designate that adipose tissue cells secrete a hormone known as resistin, which interfere with insulin action in experimental animal. This could be an important link between obesity and insulin resistance. Resistin is distinct from leptin, the hormone secreted by adipose cells that plays a role in controlling food intake. (Kumar Clark, 2002).Treatment of this condition by dietary control and weight loss, exercise, sometimes oral hypoglycaemic drugs required.Other conditions can lead to Diabetes Mellitus such as compulsory insulin deficiency collectable to a pancreatic disease (chronic pancreatitis, haemochromatosis, cystic fibrosis). Relative insulin deficiency, can cause diabetes mellitus due to excessive growth hormone, glucocorticoid secretion, or increased plasma glucocorticoid concentration due to administration of steroids. Also drugs like thiazide diuretics can cause diabetes mellitus. Mayne, (1994).Materials and methodPlease refer to medical biochemistry practical book (BMS2).ResultThe comparability obtained fro the calibration curve used to calculate the concentration of glucose in plasma.Y = 0.018 XWherey = absorbancex = glucose concentration persevering 1P (fasting) = 0.078 / 0.018 = 4.3 mmol/LP (2hrs) = 0.105 / 0.018 = 5.8 mmol/LPatient 2P (fasting) = 0.113 / 0.018 = 6.2 mmol/LP (2hrs) = 0.105 / 0.018 = 8.3 mmol/LPatient 3P (fasting) = 0.148 / 0.018 = 8.2 mmol/LP (2hrs) = 0.264 / 0.018 = 14.6 mmol/L polishPatient 1 is normalPatient 2 has normal fasting glucose level and tall shelter after 2 hours (9.6 mmol/l), so this patient must be retested before diagnosis.Patient 3 is diabeticDiscussionThe glucose calibration graph showed a good linearity which means that Beers Lambert law is obeyed and the sequels are accurate.In glucose tolerance test (GTT) the patient is asked to eat normally in the three days direct up to the test and to be fasting for at least 12 hours. At the end of time the patient is asked to collect urine smack and blood sample is collected. After that, the patient drinks 75g of glucose in three hundred ml of water within 5 minutes. After 2 hours, the patient is asked to collect anther urine sample and blood sample is collected. Normally when the patient is fasting, the glucose level should be 5.5 mmol/L and there is no glucose in urine. After the patient is disposed the sugar, the glucose level in the blood will increase, but in the normal person the glucose concentration should go back to normal within 2 hours and no glucose can be detected in urine. What is happening in the normal person after given glucose is that insulin is produced in high concentration, the glucose is converted into glycogen and then the glycogen is stored in the liver. Finally, insulin concentration also decreases to normal concentration. Whereas, in the diabetic patient the glucose level stays high because the insulin is insufficient, not produced or present but not execution due to a defect in the -cells of pancreas.In normal condition, the filtered glucose is completely reabsorbed in the proximal tubule. In Diabetes Mellitus the blood glucose is much above the renal threshold (11 mmol/L), reabsorption becomes saturated and it starts to appear in urine. The front man of glucose in urine is called glucosuria. Glucosuria results in osmatic diuresis that increase water excretion and raises the plasma osmolarity, which in turn stimulates the thirst centre. Osmatic diuresis and theist cause classical signs and symptoms of polyuria (large volume of urine) and polydipsia (excessive thirst).In patient-1, fasting blood glucose (4.3 mmol/L) is within the normal range and no glucose in urine. After 2 hours the blood glucose level is 5.8 mmol/L, which is below 7.8 mmol/L and no glucose in the urine. These mean that this patient is normal.In patient-2, fasting blood glucose is within the normal range and no glucose in urine. After 2 hours the blood glucose level is 8.3 mmol/L which is slightly high but it is within the normal range of impaired glucose tolerance (7.8- 11.1 mmol/l), whereas urine glucose is negative. This means that this patient must be retested before termination to diagnosis of impaired glucose or any other diagnosis. Many people with impaired glucose tolerance surface to develop diabetes, but this condition can be prevented with adoption of a diabetic-type diet and weight loss (if overweight). Whitby, G, et al, (1988).Patient-3 has high fasting blood glucose level (8.2 mmol/L), and in the urine the glucose is not detected. After 2 hours the glucose concentration did not reduce and it went higher up to 14.6 mmol/L. in addition to that, the urine dipstick showed very strong confident(p) reaction (4+), which indicate that this patient is diabetic. In this patient the glucose concentration was high before the sugar was given. This means that there is a defect in insulin secretion which can not breakdown the glucose and bring to the normal level. The high blood glucose level was due to glycogenolysis, gluconeogesis or high glucose intake. Therefore, this patient may have type-1 Diabetes Mellitus.QuestionsWhat facts should be taken in account when interpreting the results of glucose tolerance test?The facts arePatient should eat normal diet within 3 days before doing the test. The diet should contain at least 250g of carbohydrate.Patient should be fast over night at least 10-12 hours an d does not eat during the test.The 75g of glucose should be fade out in 300 ml of water and then ask the patient to drink it within 5 minutes after collection of fasting blood sample. A pregnant woman should be given less than 75g of glucose as it may affect the baby. If the amount of glucose given is less than recommended, it will affect the result as the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) is standardized procedure.Patient should rest through the test pot is not permitted drink of water is allowed.Blood sample should be collected in container that contains sodium fluoride to inhibit glycolysis.The patient must consult the health care provider if he/she is using practice of medicine that can interfere with the test result includes Thiazide diuretics (e.g. hydrochorothiazide), beta-blockers (e.g. prpanolol) oral contraceptive and some psychiatric drugs.There are eng eldd factors that affect OGTT. There are acute stresses for example, from surgery or infection, and vigorous exerci se.Blood glucose rise with age and their renal threshold is increased.Time of sample collection is important (morning).The method we used employed glucose oxidase- lean 2 other methods for glucose estimation and describe the principles used.Ortho-toluidine method (mono step) glucose reacts with ortho-toluidine in hot acidic medium to form a green coloured complex. The intensity of the final colour produced is directly proportional to concentration of glucose in the sample.UV-kinetic method This method also measures the concentration of glucose. The reagent contains ATP, hexokinase, NADP and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) enzme in ethanol amine buffer (PH 7.5).why HbA1c a better guide to long term diabetes control than glucose?The determination of plasma and urine glucose provides education about the metabolic status only at the moment. Long term control of glucose can be obtained with relative ease by measuring the amount of particular hemoglobin fraction in red blood ce lls. The glucose enters the red blood cells and binds the haemoglobin to a very small extent. Although some of the glucose diffuse from the haemoglobin due to formation of covalent bond, but some of the glucose will react with a particular amino acid in the haemoglobin protein. The haemoglobin/glucose complex has different chemical properties from the haemoglobin, thus it can be separated chromatographic or electrophoresis technique. The estimation of Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) depends on the mean plasma glucose concentration and the life span of red blood cells (RBCs). The normal level of non-diabetic is 6%. Also because it depends on the plasma glucose concentration, HbA1c in diabetic patient tend to be increased over the previous 1- months. The extent of summit meeting of HbA1c indicates the overall degree of blood glucose control in unworthyly controlled diabetes it may rise as high as 25%. Whitby, (1998). So the higher percentage of HbA1c indicates more glucose bound t o haemoglobin and hence poor control of diabetic. Subsequently this test is used to asses the quality of the long term control of blood glucose in diabetic patient. Also it examines the patient faithfulness with which he/she followed the health care instruction and the effectiveness of the medication prescribed for treatment.